MOCCASINS WERE TYPICALLY SEWED UP THE FRONT AND UP THE HEEL. THEY HAD A HIGH ANKLE EXTENSION WHICH WAS HIGH ENOUGH TO GO ABOUT 4 INCHES ABOVE THE ANKLE. THE YUROK, HUPA, MAIDU, MIWOK, AND MODOC MOCCASINS WERE OUT OF DEERSKIN AND WERE LOW CUT. CLEARLAKE POMO MADE SOME OF OPEN TWINED TULE AS WELL AS LEGGINGS. EXTRA SOLES AND INSULATION WERE ADDED FOR WARMTH. THERE WERE MOCCASINS MADE FOR RUNNING WITH EXTRA SOLES. SHASTA INDIANS STUFFED THEM WITH MOSS FOR INSULATION AND WRAPPED THEIR FEET WITH SQUIRREL, BEAR, OR FOX HIDE. SHASTA AND KAROK FOLKS WORE BUCKSKIN LEG WRAPPINGS UP TO THE HIP.
TWINED TULE LEGGINGS WERE MADE FOR THE ANKLE UP TO THE HIP FOR POMO AND KLAMATH AND MANY OTHER INDIANS. TULE MOCASSINS WERE COMMON FOR COLD WEATHER AND ESPECIALLY GOOD WADING IN ICY CONDITIONS. THESE WINTER MOCCASINS WERE WORN BY THE KLAMATH, ACHUMAWI, AND ATSUGEWI FOR WARMTH. THEY WERE STUFFED FOR GRASS WITH WARMTH. THEY LACED THEM ON THE SIDE. FOR TRAVELING THEY MADE SHOES OF SWAMPGRASS. THE COAST MIWOK WORE THEM ONLY OCCASIONALLY.
PAUL CAMPBELL
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