WHEN I WAS AN ARCHAEOLOGIST WITH THE BLM I WENT INTO THE DESERT TO SURVEY LANDS. IT WAS OFTEN DIFFICULT TO FIND THE RIGHT ROAD AND TERRITORY TO SURVEY BECAUSE OF THE GENERAL FLATNESS OF THE DESERT. IN ANY CASE I USUALLY AT THAT TIME A REMOTE RADIO TO CALL THE OFFICE IF I GOT LOST OR THE CAR BRIKE DOWN. I REMEMBER ONE UNIQUE TIME WHEN I HAD TO MEET A COWBOY WHO SADDLED A HORSE FOR ME. WE BOTH RODE OUR HORSES ON A HOT SUMMER DAY AQND I HAD ABOUT 10 MILES TO SURVEY - A LINEAR LINE THAT WAS FLAGGED IN REMOTE TERRITORY. THE COWBOY RODE HIS HORSE WITH ME AS I VIEWED THE GROUND FOR PREHISTORIC AND HISTORIC SITES. I COULD ACTUALLY VIEW SEVERAL SMALL KNAPPING AREAS WHERE THE NATIVES LEFT OBSIDIAN REMAINS.
INTERESTING ENOUGH AT ONE POINT MY HORSE GOT A CHOLLA IN HIS TAIL AND LEG AND HE REARED UP WITH A WHELP. I THOUGHT I WAS DEAD AS WE WERE NEAR A CHASM. BUT LUCKILY THE COWBOY WAS ABLE TO CALM HIM DOWN AND GET THE CHOLLA OFF HIS LEG.
Wednesday, November 2, 2011
TA'AN KWACH'AN IN CANADA
COUNCIL IS ONE OF THE YUKON'S FIRST NATIONS WHO POSSESSES PROFESSIONAL PROOF OF THEIR LONG STANDING LAND CLAIM GOVERNMENT. THEIR NAME TA'AN KWACHAN TAKE THEIR NAME FROM TAA'AN MAN IN THE HEART OF THEIR TRADITIONAL TERRITORY. THEIR ANCESTRAL LANDS TENDED NORTH TO HOOLATINQUA AT THE CONFLUENCE OF THE YUKON AND TESLIN RIVER, SOUTH TO MARSH LAKE, WEST TO WHITE BANK VILLAGE AT THE CONFLUENCE OF THE TAKHINI AND LITTLE RIVERS AND EAST TO THE TESLIN RIVER.
IN 1900 DURING THE GOLD RUSH THEIR CHIEF RECOGNIZED THAQT HIS PEOPLE NEEDED PROTECTION FOR THEIR LAND AND HUNTING GROUNDS IN THE WAKE OF A GROWING NON ABORIGINAL POPULATION. CHIEF BOSS PETITIONED THE COMMISSIONER OF YUKON FOR FOR 1600 ACRES RESERVED AT TAA'AN MAN WHICH WAS SURVEYED. THEY ONLY GOT 320 ACRES. CHIEF BOSS REMAINED ONE OF THE MOST INFLUENTIAL AND OUTSPOKEN LEADERS OF YUKON INDIAN LEADERS OF THE YUKON INDIANDS. IN 1956 THE DEPARTMENT OF INDIAN AFFAIRS UNILATERALLY DECIDED TO JOIN 6 BANDS WITH THREE. IN 1987 THEY REESTABLISHED THEMSELVESAS A DISTRICT FIRST NATION. THE COUNCIL FOR YUKON INDIANS RECOGNIZED THE TIAN KWACH'AN PEOPLE NOW LIVE IN WHITEHORSE.\
IN A COMPREHENSIVE LAND CLAIM WITH THE GOVERNMENTS OF CANADA AND YUKON, THE ITA'AN KWACH'AN SIGNED ITS FINAL AGREEMENTS AND BECAME A NATION IN 2002. THEIR TERRITORYCOVERS ABOUT 12,000 SQ.KM OF WHICH 796 SQ KM. ARE SETTLEMENT LANDS. IN 2002 THE COUNCIL ENTERED INTO AN AGREEMENT WITH HER MAGESTY THE QUEEN AFFIRMING THEIR RIGHT TO GOVERN THEMSELVES.
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IN 1900 DURING THE GOLD RUSH THEIR CHIEF RECOGNIZED THAQT HIS PEOPLE NEEDED PROTECTION FOR THEIR LAND AND HUNTING GROUNDS IN THE WAKE OF A GROWING NON ABORIGINAL POPULATION. CHIEF BOSS PETITIONED THE COMMISSIONER OF YUKON FOR FOR 1600 ACRES RESERVED AT TAA'AN MAN WHICH WAS SURVEYED. THEY ONLY GOT 320 ACRES. CHIEF BOSS REMAINED ONE OF THE MOST INFLUENTIAL AND OUTSPOKEN LEADERS OF YUKON INDIAN LEADERS OF THE YUKON INDIANDS. IN 1956 THE DEPARTMENT OF INDIAN AFFAIRS UNILATERALLY DECIDED TO JOIN 6 BANDS WITH THREE. IN 1987 THEY REESTABLISHED THEMSELVESAS A DISTRICT FIRST NATION. THE COUNCIL FOR YUKON INDIANS RECOGNIZED THE TIAN KWACH'AN PEOPLE NOW LIVE IN WHITEHORSE.\
IN A COMPREHENSIVE LAND CLAIM WITH THE GOVERNMENTS OF CANADA AND YUKON, THE ITA'AN KWACH'AN SIGNED ITS FINAL AGREEMENTS AND BECAME A NATION IN 2002. THEIR TERRITORYCOVERS ABOUT 12,000 SQ.KM OF WHICH 796 SQ KM. ARE SETTLEMENT LANDS. IN 2002 THE COUNCIL ENTERED INTO AN AGREEMENT WITH HER MAGESTY THE QUEEN AFFIRMING THEIR RIGHT TO GOVERN THEMSELVES.
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SELKIRK FIRST NATION IN CANADA
THIS TRIBE IS LOCATED AT THE VILLAGE OF PELLY CROSSING ON THE CENTRAL YUKON. THEY SPEAK THTCHONE LANGUAGE AND CULTURAL GROUPING ARE CONNECTED TO THEIR NORTHERN NEIGHBORS. NACHO NYAK AND LITTLE SALMON CORKNECKS. THESE TRIBES ARE IN THE CARMACKS. THE FIRST NATIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH A NORTHERN TUTCHONE TRIBAL COUNCIL. THEY HAVE MANY HISTORIC TIES WITH THE SOUTHERN TUTCHANE PEOPLE WHO HAVE A SIMILAR CULTURE. THEY FIRST SETTLED INTHE HISTORIC COMMUNITYOF THE FUR TRADING FORT OF THE HUDSON BAY COMPANY IN 1850. THIS COMMUNITY REMAINED UNTIL 1950 WHEN THE RIVER BOATS STOPPED RUNNING. MANY FOLKS MOVED TO MINTO ALONG THE KLONDIKE HIGHWAY. THEY RELOCATED FURTHER NORTHWARD TO THE PRESENT DAY SITE OF PELLY CROSSING.
THE PELLY BAND EVENTUALLY BECAME KNOWN AS THE SELKIRK FIRST NATION AND BECAME SELF GOVERNING IN 1997. TODAY THEY HAVE 480 MEMBERS WITH 200 IN SQUARE MILES AND OTHER COMMUNITIES. THEY OWN ABOUT 1800 SQ. MILES AND WIL RECEIVE $16,600,000 OVER 15 YEARS. THEY MAKE LAWS AND DELIVER PROGRAMS. THE FIRST NATION IS GOVERNED BY A CHIEF AND COUNCIL WITH A CONSTITUTION, AND THEY REPORT TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. THE THE SELKIRK FIRST NATION HAS FORMED THEIR TRADITIONAL GOVERNMENT. THE CHIEF IS ELECTED AND THE COUNSILORS ARE SELECTED BY WOLF AND CROW CLANS.
CYFY.CA/OURNATIONS
THE PELLY BAND EVENTUALLY BECAME KNOWN AS THE SELKIRK FIRST NATION AND BECAME SELF GOVERNING IN 1997. TODAY THEY HAVE 480 MEMBERS WITH 200 IN SQUARE MILES AND OTHER COMMUNITIES. THEY OWN ABOUT 1800 SQ. MILES AND WIL RECEIVE $16,600,000 OVER 15 YEARS. THEY MAKE LAWS AND DELIVER PROGRAMS. THE FIRST NATION IS GOVERNED BY A CHIEF AND COUNCIL WITH A CONSTITUTION, AND THEY REPORT TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. THE THE SELKIRK FIRST NATION HAS FORMED THEIR TRADITIONAL GOVERNMENT. THE CHIEF IS ELECTED AND THE COUNSILORS ARE SELECTED BY WOLF AND CROW CLANS.
CYFY.CA/OURNATIONS
NIH TAT GWICH'IN COUNCIL IN CANADA
INUVIK "OR PLACE OF MAN" IS LOCATED ON EAST CHANNEL OF THE MACKENZIE DELTA. INUVIKIS LOCATED ON THE EAST CHANNEL OF THE MACKENZIE DELTA. INUVIK IS WAS FOUNDED IN 1955 AS THE ADMINISTRATION CENTER FOR WESTERN ARCTIC. THIS AREA WAS SUBJECT TO YEARLY FLOODING. THEY HAVE A LARGE SUPPLY OF GRAVEL. THE TOWN IS NEAR A RIVER TERRACE. DURING THE LAST 40 YEARS "INUVIK HAS HAS GROWN INTO A GOVERNMENT CENTER, TRANSPORTATION, HEALTH AND EDUCATION CENTER FOR THE REGION. IT IS A POPULAR TOURIST DESTINATION. THEY HAVE SOME OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION DURING THE PAST THIRTY YEARS. THE TOWN IS AAABOUT 3300 PEOPLE, WITH 37% OF INUVIALUET DESCENT, 14% GWICH'IN DESCENT AND 7% METIS.
THEY SPEAK ATHAPASCAN AND THEIR WAY OF LIFE IS DISTINCT FROM NEARBY TRIBES. BY THE TIME THE ANGLOS CAME THEY LIVED IN 9 BANDS. TODAY THEY HAVE ABOUT 2500 FOLKS THE GWICH'IN IN YUKON AND ALASKA ARE THEIR RELATIVES. MANY FAMILIES HAVE SUMMER AND WINTER CAMPS OUTSIDE OF COMMUNITIES. THEY GO HUNTING, FISHING, AND TRAPPING.
CYFN.CA/NIHT-GWICHIN
THEY SPEAK ATHAPASCAN AND THEIR WAY OF LIFE IS DISTINCT FROM NEARBY TRIBES. BY THE TIME THE ANGLOS CAME THEY LIVED IN 9 BANDS. TODAY THEY HAVE ABOUT 2500 FOLKS THE GWICH'IN IN YUKON AND ALASKA ARE THEIR RELATIVES. MANY FAMILIES HAVE SUMMER AND WINTER CAMPS OUTSIDE OF COMMUNITIES. THEY GO HUNTING, FISHING, AND TRAPPING.
CYFN.CA/NIHT-GWICHIN
Tuesday, November 1, 2011
LITTLE SALMON CORKNECKS
FIRST NATION IS LOCATED IN THE COMMUNITY OF CARMACKS IN SOUTH CENTRAL YUKON ALONG THE YUKON RIVER. CARMACKS WAS AN IMPORTANT STOPPING POINT FOR THE MANY STEAM BOATS THAT TRAVELED BETWEEN WHITE HORSE AND DAWSON COUNTY DURING AND AFTER WHITE HORSE GOLD RUSH PERIOD. THE LITTLE SALMON CARMACKS FIRST NATION PEOPLE PART OF THE NORTHERN TUTCHONE LANGUAGE AND CULTURAL GROUPINGS. AND ARE CLOSELY AFFILIATED WITH THE FIRST NATION ARE PART OF THE NORTHERN TUTCHONE LANGUAGE. THE THREE FIRST NATIONS ARE FORMALLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE NORTHERN TUTCHONE TRIBAL COUNCIL. THEY BECAME SELF GOVERNING IN 1997. THEY OWN 1000 SQUARE MILES OF LANDAND RECIEVES $15,000 OVER 15 YEARS. THEY HAVE THEIR OWN GOVERNMENT AND MAKE LAWS AND SERVICES.
LITTLE SALMON CORKNECKS HAVE RETURNED TO A TRADITIONAL FORM OF GOVERNMENT. THEY ELECTED THEIR CHIEF. THEIR COUNCIL HAS A TEEN AND AN ELDER. THEY PLAN TO BUILD A SELF SUFFICIENT FIRST NATION.
CYFN.CA/GWICH'IN
LITTLE SALMON CORKNECKS HAVE RETURNED TO A TRADITIONAL FORM OF GOVERNMENT. THEY ELECTED THEIR CHIEF. THEIR COUNCIL HAS A TEEN AND AN ELDER. THEY PLAN TO BUILD A SELF SUFFICIENT FIRST NATION.
CYFN.CA/GWICH'IN
KLUANE FIRST NATION
KWANE FIRST NATION IS LOCATED IN THE TOWN OF IN THE TOWN OF BURBANK LANDING ON THE SHORES OF KWANE LAKE. FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS THE SOUTHERN TUTCHONE PEOPLE MIGRATED THROUGH THE KLUNE LAKE AREA, HUNTING AND FISHING AND GATHERING FOOD. THEY BELONG TO THE ATHAPASKAN FAMILY THEY ARE CLOSE WITH THEIR NEIGHBORSTHE CHAMPAGNE /AISHIHIK AND ALSO UPPER TANANA. BY 1943 AREA WAS DESIGNATED WAS DESIGNATED A NATIONAL PARK AND IT WAS AVAILIBLE TO THE PEOPLE WHO RELIED ON ITS RESOURCES. THE KUANE LIVE ON THE SHORES OF THE LAKE. THEY ARE PROUD OF OUR 'A SI KEYI' OUR GRANDFATHERS COUNTRY. THEY HAVE CLIMBED THE MOUNTAINS , FISHED THE LAKES AND CREEKS. THEY CELEBRATED THE POTLATCH IN GOOD TIMES AND BAD. WE BELIEVE IN THE FUTURE OF OUR PEOPLE AND PRACTICE OUR RIGHT TO SELF GOVERN.
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GWICHYA GWICH'IN COUNCIL
ARCTIC RED RIVER EQUALS "MOUTH OF THE IRON RIVER". A CATHOLIC MISSION WAS ESTABLISHED WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1869 WHEN THEY BUILT A TRADITIONAL GWICH'IN FISHING CAMP AT THE MOUTH OF THE CONFLUENCE OF THE ARCTIC RED AND MACKENZIE RIVER. IN THE EARLY 1870'S HUDSON BAY TRADING COMPANY TRADING POST WAS BUILT HERE. BY 1940 THERE WERE STILL THREE FAMILIES AT THE SITE
BY 1970'S THE POPULATION BEGAN TO GROW. TODAY THEY HAVE ABOUT 200 FOLKS, 90% ARE GWICH'IN DESCENT AND THEY STILL FOLLOW A TRADITIONAL STYLE OF LIFE OF HUNTING, FISHING AND GATHERING.
CYFN.CA/EHCLITAL
BY 1970'S THE POPULATION BEGAN TO GROW. TODAY THEY HAVE ABOUT 200 FOLKS, 90% ARE GWICH'IN DESCENT AND THEY STILL FOLLOW A TRADITIONAL STYLE OF LIFE OF HUNTING, FISHING AND GATHERING.
CYFN.CA/EHCLITAL
NACHO NYAK DUN FIRST NATION
THIS NATION REPRESENTS THE MOST NORTHERN COMMUNITY OF THE TUTCHONE FIST NATIONS AT PELLY CROSSING. THE THREE NATIONS FORM A NORTHERN TUTCHONE COUNCIL TO DEAL WITH ISSUES AND VISIONS.
THIS NATION HAS BEEN ACTIVE IN ITS BEGINNING IN 1973. MEMBERS OF THE FIRST NATION HELPED GUIDE THE COUNCIL OF YUKON. FIRST NATIONS AND ITS MEMBER NATIONS WERE GUIDED DURING CRITICAL TIMES. TWO OF THEIR ISSUES WERE LOSS OF SELF GOVERNMENT AND RETENTION OF ABORIGINAL RIGHTS. THESE WERE IN THE 1993 AGREEMENTS. THEY NOW OWN 1830 SQUARE MILES OF SETTLEMENT LANDS AND WILL RECEIVE $14,000 OVER 15 YEARS. THEY ARE ACTIVE IN THE MAYO COMMUNITY TO PROMOTE A RICH NATURAL RESOURCES.
CYFN.CA/OURNATIONS
THIS NATION HAS BEEN ACTIVE IN ITS BEGINNING IN 1973. MEMBERS OF THE FIRST NATION HELPED GUIDE THE COUNCIL OF YUKON. FIRST NATIONS AND ITS MEMBER NATIONS WERE GUIDED DURING CRITICAL TIMES. TWO OF THEIR ISSUES WERE LOSS OF SELF GOVERNMENT AND RETENTION OF ABORIGINAL RIGHTS. THESE WERE IN THE 1993 AGREEMENTS. THEY NOW OWN 1830 SQUARE MILES OF SETTLEMENT LANDS AND WILL RECEIVE $14,000 OVER 15 YEARS. THEY ARE ACTIVE IN THE MAYO COMMUNITY TO PROMOTE A RICH NATURAL RESOURCES.
CYFN.CA/OURNATIONS
EHDIITAT-GWICH'IN COUNCIL IN CANADA
THE EHDIITAT GWICH'IN COUNCIL LIVE IN KLAVIK. THIS IS A PLACE OF BARREN LAND OF THE GRIZZLY. IN 1918 IT WAS FOUNDED ON THE PEEL RIVER, NEAR THE MACKENZIE RIVER. IT FLOWS INTO THE SEA NEAR THE MOUNTAINS. THERE ARE THREE MAJOR ZONES -THE DELTA, THE HILLS, THE PLAINS. AKLAVIK IS ON A FLAT AREA BY THE RIVER. THERE ARE 780 PEOPLE HERE. THE FROZEN RIVER HAS A ROD WHILE WATER CROSSINGS ARE POSSIBLE FOR PART OF THE YEAR. MOST PEOPLE FLY HERE. THIS IS THE SITE WHERE THE INWIALIUT AND GWICH'IN MET AND GOT GOOD FOOD AND TRADED.
THIS COMMUNITY WAS THE MAIN LOCATION FOR TRADING, TRAPPING, AND BECAME A TRADING POST FOR THE HUDSON BAY FOLKS IN 1912. A MISSION WAS BUILT THERE IN 1926.
THE FIRST NATIONS NEGOTIATED A SELF GOVERNANCE FOR THEIR TRIBES IN 1996 AND IT CONTINUES TODAY. MOST FOLKS FOLLOW THE TRADITIONAL WAY OF LIFE. THEY HUNT, FISH, TRAP, DO ARTS AND CRAFTS, TOURISM, EXPLORE FOR MINERAL AND GAS (AN IMPORTANT ECONOMY). THEY HAVE BUILT A HALL, SCHOOL, POOL, PLAYGROUND, OUTDOOR RINK, MUSEUM, HEALTH CENTER, FIRE HALL, AND CHURCH.
CYFN.CA/OURNATIONS
THIS COMMUNITY WAS THE MAIN LOCATION FOR TRADING, TRAPPING, AND BECAME A TRADING POST FOR THE HUDSON BAY FOLKS IN 1912. A MISSION WAS BUILT THERE IN 1926.
THE FIRST NATIONS NEGOTIATED A SELF GOVERNANCE FOR THEIR TRIBES IN 1996 AND IT CONTINUES TODAY. MOST FOLKS FOLLOW THE TRADITIONAL WAY OF LIFE. THEY HUNT, FISH, TRAP, DO ARTS AND CRAFTS, TOURISM, EXPLORE FOR MINERAL AND GAS (AN IMPORTANT ECONOMY). THEY HAVE BUILT A HALL, SCHOOL, POOL, PLAYGROUND, OUTDOOR RINK, MUSEUM, HEALTH CENTER, FIRE HALL, AND CHURCH.
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CHAMPAGNE AND AISHIHIK IN CANADA
THE CHAMPAGNE ARE LOCATED IN HAINES JUNCTION. THEY MAINTAIN A BUSY OFFICE IN WHITEHORSE. THEIR HOMELAND IS IN THE SOUTHWEST YUKON AND NORTHWEST BRITISH COLUMBIA. THEY ARE LOCATED DEZADESH RIVER. THEIR LANGUAGE IS TUTCHONE- A MEMBER OF THE ATHABASKAN. THEY MAINTAIN STRONG RELATIONS WITH THEIR NEIGHBORS TO THE SOUTH AND THE TLINGITS. IN OLDER DAYS THE MOST PEOPLE WERE BILINGUAL. THIS NATION IS ONE OF THE LARGEST OF YUKONS 14 FIRST NATIONS WITH 1200 MEMBERS.
IN 1993 AFTER MORE THAN 29 YEARS OF DEBATE THE YUKON PORTION OF THE TRADITIONAL LAND AND RESOURCES WERE CONFIRMED WITH THE FIRST NATION FINAL AGREEMENT. THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT PROVIDES THEM WITH OWNING 2400 SQ. KM. OF LAND AND $28 MILLION TO BE PAID OVER 15 YEARS.
THE AREA OF A PARTICULAR INTEREST TO THE SCIENTIFIC WORLD IS A RECENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL FIND IN MELTING ICE FIELDS WITHIN THE CHAMPAGNE TERRITORY. 150 ARTIFACTS WERE FOUND DATING 800 TO 9,000 YEARS AGO: WEAPONS, TOOLS OF HUNTERS, DEBITAGE SITES PRESERVED IN ICE. IN 2000 A FIVE HUNDRED AND FIFTY YEAR OLD BODY OF A HUNTER WAS DISCOVERED IN B.C. THESE FINDS ARE IMPORTANT TO THESE TRIBES TO MAKE A CONNECTION WITH ANCESTORS WHO LIVED THERE.
CYFN.CA/OURNATIONS
IN 1993 AFTER MORE THAN 29 YEARS OF DEBATE THE YUKON PORTION OF THE TRADITIONAL LAND AND RESOURCES WERE CONFIRMED WITH THE FIRST NATION FINAL AGREEMENT. THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT PROVIDES THEM WITH OWNING 2400 SQ. KM. OF LAND AND $28 MILLION TO BE PAID OVER 15 YEARS.
THE AREA OF A PARTICULAR INTEREST TO THE SCIENTIFIC WORLD IS A RECENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL FIND IN MELTING ICE FIELDS WITHIN THE CHAMPAGNE TERRITORY. 150 ARTIFACTS WERE FOUND DATING 800 TO 9,000 YEARS AGO: WEAPONS, TOOLS OF HUNTERS, DEBITAGE SITES PRESERVED IN ICE. IN 2000 A FIVE HUNDRED AND FIFTY YEAR OLD BODY OF A HUNTER WAS DISCOVERED IN B.C. THESE FINDS ARE IMPORTANT TO THESE TRIBES TO MAKE A CONNECTION WITH ANCESTORS WHO LIVED THERE.
CYFN.CA/OURNATIONS
YUKON INDIANS IN CANADA
CARCUSS/FAGISH FIRST NATION IS LOCATED IN THE TOWN OF CARCROSS. THESE FOLKS SPOKE ATHAPASKAN AND WERE TAGLISH. THEY BECAME HOME TO TRADERS FROM SOUTHEAST ALASKA WHO CAME TO THE YUKON FOR TRADE PURPOSES FOR 30 YEARS. THE CARCROSS/TAGLISH ARE DESCENDANTS OF THE TAGLISH AND TLINGIT. BY 2006 THEIR NATION BECAME THE SELF GOVERNING ONE.
THEY HAVE BUILT A GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE BASED ON THE CLAN SYSTEM. THERER ARE FIVE CLANS REPRESENTED. EACH CLAN PLAYS A VITAL ROLE IN THE GOVERNANCE OF THIS FIRST NATION.
THEY ARE COMMITTED TO RESTORING JUSTICE AND BELIEVE IN THE WELLNESS OF THE COMMUNITY. THESE FOLKS HAVE POTLATCHES PRESERVING SONGS, DANCES AND ORAL HISTORIES. THEY PRESERVE THEIR ANCESTRAL STORIES.
CYFN.CA/OURNATIONS
THEY HAVE BUILT A GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE BASED ON THE CLAN SYSTEM. THERER ARE FIVE CLANS REPRESENTED. EACH CLAN PLAYS A VITAL ROLE IN THE GOVERNANCE OF THIS FIRST NATION.
THEY ARE COMMITTED TO RESTORING JUSTICE AND BELIEVE IN THE WELLNESS OF THE COMMUNITY. THESE FOLKS HAVE POTLATCHES PRESERVING SONGS, DANCES AND ORAL HISTORIES. THEY PRESERVE THEIR ANCESTRAL STORIES.
CYFN.CA/OURNATIONS
TOBIQUE INDIAND IN NEW BRUNSWICK
PRIOR TO CONTACT THE TOBIQUE OPERATED THROUGHOUT THE WATERSHED OF W'OTA'TOKIYOKOK WHICH CONSISTS OF VAST NETWORK OF RIVERS AND LAKES IN 54,000 SQ. KM. THESE NATIVES TRAVELED TO THE RIVERS AND LAKES AND LIVED ON THEIR SHORE. THEY GATHER ANIMALS AND PLANTS FOR NOURISHMENT. THESE PEOPLE HUNTED, FISHED, AND GATHERED ENDLESS PLANTS. THEY COLLECTED BERRIES, NUTS, MEDICINAL PLANTS AND FRUITS. THEY RESPECTED THEIR TERRITORIES.
CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS VISITED IN THE THE 1490'S. AN ENGLISH KING AND FRENCH CAME TO MAKE PROFITS BUT ALSO CONQUERED LANDS, THAT RESULTED IN WARS.
BY 1763 A PROCLAMATION GUARENTEED THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE THEIR LAND AND RESOURCES AND THE TITLES MUST BE PURCHASED OR AN AGREEMENT REACHED. THEY WERE CLOSELY CONNECTED TO A BIG SPIDER WEB SPREAD OVER THEIR HOMELAND WITH 65 CAMPSITES AND 15 MAIN VILLAGES. THEY ALLOWED PEACEFUL NOMADIC NATIVE IMMIGRANTS USE AND OCCUPY PARCELS OF LAND THEY MADE ALLIES WITH THE FRENCH AS EARLY AS 1500 AND 1600.
THEN BOTH FRENCH AND ENGLISH PILAGED THE RESOURCES OF ALL THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE. THEY DISREGARDED THE 1763 PROCLAMATION THAT GAVE THEM THE RIGHT TO TO THESE LANDS. FINALLY IN 1867 CANADA TOOK RESPONSIBILITY TO RESERVE THEIR LANDS UNDER THE BRITISH NATIVE AMERICAN ACT. THEY RECIEVED THE MANAGEMENT AND SALE OF PUBLIC LANDS THAT BELONGED TO THE PROVINCE AS WELL AS TIMBER AND WOODS THERE.
TOBIQUELANDRIGHTS.COM
CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS VISITED IN THE THE 1490'S. AN ENGLISH KING AND FRENCH CAME TO MAKE PROFITS BUT ALSO CONQUERED LANDS, THAT RESULTED IN WARS.
BY 1763 A PROCLAMATION GUARENTEED THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE THEIR LAND AND RESOURCES AND THE TITLES MUST BE PURCHASED OR AN AGREEMENT REACHED. THEY WERE CLOSELY CONNECTED TO A BIG SPIDER WEB SPREAD OVER THEIR HOMELAND WITH 65 CAMPSITES AND 15 MAIN VILLAGES. THEY ALLOWED PEACEFUL NOMADIC NATIVE IMMIGRANTS USE AND OCCUPY PARCELS OF LAND THEY MADE ALLIES WITH THE FRENCH AS EARLY AS 1500 AND 1600.
THEN BOTH FRENCH AND ENGLISH PILAGED THE RESOURCES OF ALL THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLE. THEY DISREGARDED THE 1763 PROCLAMATION THAT GAVE THEM THE RIGHT TO TO THESE LANDS. FINALLY IN 1867 CANADA TOOK RESPONSIBILITY TO RESERVE THEIR LANDS UNDER THE BRITISH NATIVE AMERICAN ACT. THEY RECIEVED THE MANAGEMENT AND SALE OF PUBLIC LANDS THAT BELONGED TO THE PROVINCE AS WELL AS TIMBER AND WOODS THERE.
TOBIQUELANDRIGHTS.COM
Monday, October 31, 2011
SAINT MARY'S FIRST NATION
THE OFFICIAL RECOGNITION OF SAINT MARY'S COMMUNITY THE OFFICIAL RECOGNITION OF SAINT MARY'S COMMUNITY ON THEIR RESERVATION WAS IN 1867. THERE IS EVIDENCE THAT IT WAS USED AS A CAMPGROUND AND AT LEAST AS EARLY AS 1818, THE YEAR OF A WIGWAM SITE. THEY HAVE INDICATIONS THAT IT WAS A CAMPGROUND IN THE EARLY 1800'S.
MOST OF THE FOLKS WHO USED THIS SITE CAME FROM MALISEET VILLAGE IN KINGSCLEAR. BUT SINCE OUR PEOPLE REGULARLY TRAVEL UP AND DOWN RIVER AS PART OF THEIR MIGRATIONS, THERE WAS A MIXTURE OF PEOPLE FROM FROM ALL VILLAGES. THERE IS LITTLE DOUBT THAT THE MALISEET TRAVELERS WERE ATTRACTIVE SINCE IT WAS CLOSE TO FURS, BASKETS, MOCCASSINS, AND SNOW SHOES THAT THEY TRADED.
THE EARLIEST WRITTEN EVIDENCE AT ST. MARY'S CAME IN 1832 AND AGAIN IN 1814. THEY CALLED IT THE INJUN CAMP, AS AN INSULT. BY 1947 THEY CHANGED THE NAME TO DEVON. THEY BUILT A MISSION FOR THE MALISEETS IN THE AREA AND THERE WAS A CHURCH OF ST. ANNE. GABE IS A RECOGNIZED FOUNDERS OF THEIR COMMUNITY OF ST. MARY'S IN 1847. IT WAS A MALISEET COMMUNITY AT THE TIME.
HE MET A WOMAN AND LIVED A MIGRATORY LIFESTYLE. HE FOUND REGULAR EMPLOYMENT AS A GUIDE FOR TOURISTS BY 1850'S AND HIS WIFE WAS KNOWN FOR HER BEADWORK. HE CLEARED 14 ACRES AND PLANTED A GARDEN AND LIVED IN A WIGWAM UNTIL 1857 WHEN HE BUILT A HOUSE WHICH GAVE HIM RECOGNITION AS FOUNDER.
BY 1861 SAINT MARYS HAD GROWN FROM 9 HOUSEHOLDS TO 21 HOUSEHOLDS. SOME OF THESE FOLKS WERE HUNTING GUIDES, SOME ARTISTS, AND CRAFTSMEN, AND CANOEMAKERS. THEY HAD A LARGE GROWTH OF POPULAQTION. THEN THEY EXPERIENCED THEFT OF THEIR LANDS AND DESTRUCTION OF HUNTING BOUNDARIES, STARVATION, DISEASE FOR MALISEET. THIS WAS DUE TO GREED OF THE NEW PIONEERS. IN 1844 THEY PASSED THE ACT OF DISPOSING LANDS RESERVED FOR THE INDIANS AND THE ANGLOS WERE INVOLVED IN FRAUD AS RAILROAD BARONS/ LEGISLATURES BY GRANTING MORE LANDS TO ENGLAND. THE MID 1800'S HAD INTENSE RASICM AS OTHER PEOPLE CONSIDERED THE NATIVE PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD IN LITURATURE AS SAVAGE, LAZY, AND LESS THAN HUMAN. THE MALISEET AND OTHERS EXPERIENCED RACISM. HOWEVER, THIS TRIBE WAS BOTH STRONG AND HAD RESISTENCE TO REPEATED REMOVAK EFFORTS. IN 1865 THEIR LAND WAS SOLD TO AN ANGLO, MR. HUGHES.BY 1865 THE GOVERNMENT AGREED TO BUY A PIECE OF LAND FOR THE MALISEETS. THEIR LAND MEASURED 2 1/2 ACRES. THE FIRST FEDERAL AGENT TO BE APPOINTED HAD THE JOB OF ASSIMILATING AND CIVILIZING INDIANS THROUGH AGRICULTURE, SCHOOLING AND REDUCTION OF GOVERNMENT RESISTANCE TO INDIANS.
THE NATIVES HAD RESISTED THIS AND COMPLAINED SINCE THEY WERE IMPLEMENTED AT THE SAME TIME FISH AND GAME WERE RESTRICTED AND A WORLD OF LAWS WERE RESTRICTED AND AWARDED A WORLDWIDE DEPRESSION. THE SAINT MARY'S NATIVES SUFFERED AND REFUSED TO PUT THEIR KIDS IN ANGLO SCHOOLS. THEY HAD NO SPACE FOR AGRICULTURE, POOR HEALTH, LIMITED WORK OPPORTUNITIES FOR LOGGING, RAFTING, GUIDING, TRAPPING, AND THE MAKING OF BASKETS, CANOES, AND MOCCASINS.
IN 1884, THE INDIANADVANCEMENT ACT GAVE SAINT MARY'S NATIVES A MISSION TO SEEK RESTORATION OF THEIR LANDS. IN 1885 THEY BUILT A BRIDGE OVER ST. JOHN'S RIVER AND THEY BUILT FACTORIES FOR MANUFACTURING CANOES AND SHOEPACKS. SOME OF THE NATIVES HAD TO TRAVEL TO SELL THEIR GOODS AND WORK IN THE WOODS AND MILLS. THESE FOLKS ARE STILL UNSETTLED WITH MANY ISSUES AND STILL STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL.
ST MARY'S FIRST NATION.COM
ACADIAN.COM
MOST OF THE FOLKS WHO USED THIS SITE CAME FROM MALISEET VILLAGE IN KINGSCLEAR. BUT SINCE OUR PEOPLE REGULARLY TRAVEL UP AND DOWN RIVER AS PART OF THEIR MIGRATIONS, THERE WAS A MIXTURE OF PEOPLE FROM FROM ALL VILLAGES. THERE IS LITTLE DOUBT THAT THE MALISEET TRAVELERS WERE ATTRACTIVE SINCE IT WAS CLOSE TO FURS, BASKETS, MOCCASSINS, AND SNOW SHOES THAT THEY TRADED.
THE EARLIEST WRITTEN EVIDENCE AT ST. MARY'S CAME IN 1832 AND AGAIN IN 1814. THEY CALLED IT THE INJUN CAMP, AS AN INSULT. BY 1947 THEY CHANGED THE NAME TO DEVON. THEY BUILT A MISSION FOR THE MALISEETS IN THE AREA AND THERE WAS A CHURCH OF ST. ANNE. GABE IS A RECOGNIZED FOUNDERS OF THEIR COMMUNITY OF ST. MARY'S IN 1847. IT WAS A MALISEET COMMUNITY AT THE TIME.
HE MET A WOMAN AND LIVED A MIGRATORY LIFESTYLE. HE FOUND REGULAR EMPLOYMENT AS A GUIDE FOR TOURISTS BY 1850'S AND HIS WIFE WAS KNOWN FOR HER BEADWORK. HE CLEARED 14 ACRES AND PLANTED A GARDEN AND LIVED IN A WIGWAM UNTIL 1857 WHEN HE BUILT A HOUSE WHICH GAVE HIM RECOGNITION AS FOUNDER.
BY 1861 SAINT MARYS HAD GROWN FROM 9 HOUSEHOLDS TO 21 HOUSEHOLDS. SOME OF THESE FOLKS WERE HUNTING GUIDES, SOME ARTISTS, AND CRAFTSMEN, AND CANOEMAKERS. THEY HAD A LARGE GROWTH OF POPULAQTION. THEN THEY EXPERIENCED THEFT OF THEIR LANDS AND DESTRUCTION OF HUNTING BOUNDARIES, STARVATION, DISEASE FOR MALISEET. THIS WAS DUE TO GREED OF THE NEW PIONEERS. IN 1844 THEY PASSED THE ACT OF DISPOSING LANDS RESERVED FOR THE INDIANS AND THE ANGLOS WERE INVOLVED IN FRAUD AS RAILROAD BARONS/ LEGISLATURES BY GRANTING MORE LANDS TO ENGLAND. THE MID 1800'S HAD INTENSE RASICM AS OTHER PEOPLE CONSIDERED THE NATIVE PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD IN LITURATURE AS SAVAGE, LAZY, AND LESS THAN HUMAN. THE MALISEET AND OTHERS EXPERIENCED RACISM. HOWEVER, THIS TRIBE WAS BOTH STRONG AND HAD RESISTENCE TO REPEATED REMOVAK EFFORTS. IN 1865 THEIR LAND WAS SOLD TO AN ANGLO, MR. HUGHES.BY 1865 THE GOVERNMENT AGREED TO BUY A PIECE OF LAND FOR THE MALISEETS. THEIR LAND MEASURED 2 1/2 ACRES. THE FIRST FEDERAL AGENT TO BE APPOINTED HAD THE JOB OF ASSIMILATING AND CIVILIZING INDIANS THROUGH AGRICULTURE, SCHOOLING AND REDUCTION OF GOVERNMENT RESISTANCE TO INDIANS.
THE NATIVES HAD RESISTED THIS AND COMPLAINED SINCE THEY WERE IMPLEMENTED AT THE SAME TIME FISH AND GAME WERE RESTRICTED AND A WORLD OF LAWS WERE RESTRICTED AND AWARDED A WORLDWIDE DEPRESSION. THE SAINT MARY'S NATIVES SUFFERED AND REFUSED TO PUT THEIR KIDS IN ANGLO SCHOOLS. THEY HAD NO SPACE FOR AGRICULTURE, POOR HEALTH, LIMITED WORK OPPORTUNITIES FOR LOGGING, RAFTING, GUIDING, TRAPPING, AND THE MAKING OF BASKETS, CANOES, AND MOCCASINS.
IN 1884, THE INDIANADVANCEMENT ACT GAVE SAINT MARY'S NATIVES A MISSION TO SEEK RESTORATION OF THEIR LANDS. IN 1885 THEY BUILT A BRIDGE OVER ST. JOHN'S RIVER AND THEY BUILT FACTORIES FOR MANUFACTURING CANOES AND SHOEPACKS. SOME OF THE NATIVES HAD TO TRAVEL TO SELL THEIR GOODS AND WORK IN THE WOODS AND MILLS. THESE FOLKS ARE STILL UNSETTLED WITH MANY ISSUES AND STILL STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL.
ST MARY'S FIRST NATION.COM
ACADIAN.COM
MADAWASKA INDIANS IN NEW BRUNSWICK
MADEWASKA LIVE ON A KNOLL NEAR EDMONSTON, NEW BRUNSWICK ON THE ROAD TO SAINT BASILE. THIS IS THEIR RESERVATIONAND THE REMNANTS OF THE ANCIENT CAPITAL OF THE SAINT JOHN RIVER. THE VALIENT MALECITE WERE AN ALLY TO ACADIA AND WERE ENEMIES OF NEW ENGLAND PIONEERS. TRADITION HAS IT THAT THIS SITE WAS KNOWN AS MADOUESKAK. THIS SETTLEMENT WAS CALLED MADOUESKAK. IT WAS HERE FOR SEVERAL CENTURIES BEFORE THE FRENCH EXPLORATION OF ACADIA AND CANADA. THE INDIAN VILLAGE HAD ABOUT 300 FOLKS AND WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT CENTER OF THE MALACITE TRIBE.
THE MALICITES WERE PART OF THE ABENAKIS NATION AND PASSAMAQUODDYS. THE WORD MADAWASKA IS OF MICMAC ORIGIN. MADOULS MEANS "PORCUPINE" AND KAK MEANS "PLACE". THEY LIVE IN IN THE LAND OF THE PORCUPINE. THE ABORIGINES OF THE VALLEY COULD BE THE MICMACS.
THE MALICITES WERE A NOMADIC PEOPLE. THEY FISHED, HUNTED DEER AND MOOSE, AND THEY ALSO CHASED MOHAWKS. THEIR VILLAGE WAS ALMOST DESERTED. THE TRIBE OF THE MADAWASKA OCCUPIED ALL OF THE ST. JOHN VALLEY FROM THE GRAND FALLS, NEW BRUNSWICK TO QUEBEC. THEIR CAPITAL WAS THE MOUTH OF THE MADAWASKA RIVER. THIS VILLAGE WAS SURROUNDED BY A THICK STOCKADE OF TREES THAT WAS IMPENETRABLE. THE INDIANS FROM LOWER ST. JOHN VALLEY AS WELL AS THOSE OF THE KENEBEC TOOK REFUGE IN THESE TREES DURING ENEMY INCURSIONS.
THERE WERE A NUMBER OF WARS IN THE AREA AND SEVERAL MASSACRES WHEN THE IROQUOIS ARRIVED AT THE VILLAGE OF THE MADAOVESKAKS. THEY FOUND THEIR GREAT CHIEF OF THE MALICITES HAD ORGANIZED A DEFENSE OF HIS FORT WITH 100 WARRIORS. THE MALECITES GAVE UP THE STRUGGLE. THERE WAS CONSTANT DISASTER. THE IROQUOIS ORDER THE CHIEF OF THE MADOUESKAKS TO SURRENDER THE FORT . HE SAID YOUR EVIL MASTER TO SHOW HIMSELF ON MY FIELDS. THEY WERE AGAIN DEFEATED. THEY ATTRIBUTED THEIR BAD LUCK TO THE EVIL ONE. THEY HAVE MANY LEGENDS.
ACCORDING TO ARCHAEOLOGISTS THEY HAD WEAPONS 400 YEARS BEFORE THE DISCOVERY OF THIS TERRITORY. BY 1787 IN MADAWASKA RIVER THE SURVEYOR GENERAAL FOUND AN INDIAN VILLAGE OF 60 FAMILIES. THEY ARE VISITED BY PRIESTS.
ARCADIAN.ORG
THE MALICITES WERE PART OF THE ABENAKIS NATION AND PASSAMAQUODDYS. THE WORD MADAWASKA IS OF MICMAC ORIGIN. MADOULS MEANS "PORCUPINE" AND KAK MEANS "PLACE". THEY LIVE IN IN THE LAND OF THE PORCUPINE. THE ABORIGINES OF THE VALLEY COULD BE THE MICMACS.
THE MALICITES WERE A NOMADIC PEOPLE. THEY FISHED, HUNTED DEER AND MOOSE, AND THEY ALSO CHASED MOHAWKS. THEIR VILLAGE WAS ALMOST DESERTED. THE TRIBE OF THE MADAWASKA OCCUPIED ALL OF THE ST. JOHN VALLEY FROM THE GRAND FALLS, NEW BRUNSWICK TO QUEBEC. THEIR CAPITAL WAS THE MOUTH OF THE MADAWASKA RIVER. THIS VILLAGE WAS SURROUNDED BY A THICK STOCKADE OF TREES THAT WAS IMPENETRABLE. THE INDIANS FROM LOWER ST. JOHN VALLEY AS WELL AS THOSE OF THE KENEBEC TOOK REFUGE IN THESE TREES DURING ENEMY INCURSIONS.
THERE WERE A NUMBER OF WARS IN THE AREA AND SEVERAL MASSACRES WHEN THE IROQUOIS ARRIVED AT THE VILLAGE OF THE MADAOVESKAKS. THEY FOUND THEIR GREAT CHIEF OF THE MALICITES HAD ORGANIZED A DEFENSE OF HIS FORT WITH 100 WARRIORS. THE MALECITES GAVE UP THE STRUGGLE. THERE WAS CONSTANT DISASTER. THE IROQUOIS ORDER THE CHIEF OF THE MADOUESKAKS TO SURRENDER THE FORT . HE SAID YOUR EVIL MASTER TO SHOW HIMSELF ON MY FIELDS. THEY WERE AGAIN DEFEATED. THEY ATTRIBUTED THEIR BAD LUCK TO THE EVIL ONE. THEY HAVE MANY LEGENDS.
ACCORDING TO ARCHAEOLOGISTS THEY HAD WEAPONS 400 YEARS BEFORE THE DISCOVERY OF THIS TERRITORY. BY 1787 IN MADAWASKA RIVER THE SURVEYOR GENERAAL FOUND AN INDIAN VILLAGE OF 60 FAMILIES. THEY ARE VISITED BY PRIESTS.
ARCADIAN.ORG
ART SHOW AT CHURCH OF RELIGIOUS SCIENCE
I WENT TO THE ART SHOW AT THE CHURCH OF RELIGIOUS SCIENCE. I SAW A NUMBER OF GREAT PAINTINGS, JEWELRY, PHOTOS, QUILTS, AS WELL AS WEAVINGS. I MET MY FRIENDS FROM HEALDSBURG. I WAS AMAZED AT HOW MANY PEOPLE WERE ARTISTS. SOME OF THE SALES MONEY OF THESE PROJECTS GOES TO THE CHURCH. I SPOKE TO THE OLDER FOLKS AND MET SOME YOUNGER PEOPLE ALSO. ONE 17 YEAR OLD WAS DOING SOME MAGIC SHOW WITH COINS AND WITH CARDS. I DIDN'T QUITE UNDERSTAND WHAT HE WAS DOING AS THERE WERE PEOPLE IN FRONT OF ME. HE SAID HE WAS GOING TO MOVE TO SAN FRANCISCO TO GET HIS ACT GOING.I MET A MAN WHO HAD SAND BLASTED SMALL AND LARGE STONES WITH CELTIC DESIGNS. I KNOW HE HAS BEEN COMING TO THIS CHURCH A LONG TIME. I ALSO REMET A LADY WHO LED ANIMAL MINISTRIES FOR THE CHURCH. I MET AN INTERESTING 22 YEAR OLD BLACK YOUNG MAN AND HIS FATHER. THEY WERE INTERESTED IN MY STORY OF MY MANY ETHNICITIES AND MY BACKGROUND AND HOW I MET MY HUSBAND. HE WAS THE SAME AGE AS MY SON AND HAD HEARD OF PAT LIVES. HE WAS INTERESTED IN MEETING MY SON. I ESPECIALLY LIKED THE FOUR FLUTE PLAYERS WHO PLAYED FOR HOURS UPSTAIRS. IT WAS ALSO WELL SUPPLIED WITH GREAT FOOD TRAYS AND THEY HAD MANY ART PIECES FOR AUCTION.
CENTER FOR SPIRITUAL LIVING
YESTERDAY I ATTENDED THIS CHURCH AND THERE WAS AN ENERGETIC YOUNG MINISTER FROM COLORADO. HER MESSAGE WAS HOW YOU CAN HEAL YOUR PAST. THERE WAS A GREAT SINGER AND BAND ALSO. SHE SAID OUR THOUGHTS ARE OFTEN THAT WE ARE NOT ENOUGH. WE ARE ALL WHOLE JUST AS WE ARE. FORGIVE EVEYONE. WHENEVER WE LOVE OURSELVES EVERTTHING WORKS. SHE EXPLAINED THAT SHE CAME FROM AN ABUSIVE FAMILY. HEAL VENGEFUL WAYS OF THINKING - NO ONE WINS. HEAL PHYSIOLOGICAL PATTERS - MOST OF OUR BELIEFS ARE ENCODED BY 3 YEARS OLD. SAFETY IS AN ISSUE AS MANY OF US HAVE FEARS - LEARN TO RELEASE THEM AND FEEL SECURE. LOVE YOURSELF - NO ONE HAS POWER TO MAKE US FEEL GOOD. JUDGEMENT OF PEOPLE IS DETERMINED FROM WHAT THEY LOOK LIKE ON THE OUTSIDE. BUT WE SHOULD NOT PREJUDGE PEOPLE. ANGER IS FEELING THE CREATES EATING DISORDERS. LEARN WHO YOU CAN TALK TO TO RELEASE YOUR ANGER. TO BE HEALTHY WE CAN SHIFT OUR THINKING AND LET THE GOOD ENTER. NOTHING CAN STOP YOU, EVERY MORNING IS A NEW ARRIVAL. DO NOT LET YOUR PAST DEFINE WHO YOU ARE. SHE WAS ALSO A GREAT SINGER.
Wednesday, October 26, 2011
MY EXPERIENCE SAVING THE LIFE OF A GIRLFRIEND
WHEN I WAS A MOM TAKING CARE OF OF MY SON, I GOT A CALL FROM ONE OF MY GIRLFRIEND'S WHO LIVED NEARBY US. SHE DID NOT KNOW SHE DID NOT KNOW WHAT HAPPENED BUT WAS IN PAIN AND ASKED ME TO TAKE HER TO THE HOSPITAL. IT WAS AN UNLIKELY EXPERIENCE AS MY CAR WAS IN MY GARAGE AND IT DID NOT OPEN WITH MY BUTTON. I HAQD A NEIGHBOR FIGURE IT OUT. MY SON WAS IN SCHOOL. AFTER I GOT TO HER HOUSE ANOTHER GIRLFRIEND WAS THEIR AND BOTH OF US HAD TO HELP HER GET INTO MY CAR TO TAKE HER TO THE NEARBY EMERGENCY ROOM. I DON'T KNOW WHY SHE DID NOT CALL AN AMBULANCE. IN ANY CASE THEY CALLED HER HUSBAND WHO WAS IN A NEARBY TOWN. HE CAME THERE SOON. SHE HAD A MINOR HEART ATTACK AND THEY MOVED HER TO THE MAIN HOSPITAL WHERE SHE HAD OPEN HEART SURGERY BY A VERY RELIABLE SURGEON. IT WAS UNBELIEVABLE TO ME TO HEAR ABOUT THIS SINCE SHE WAS YOUNG AND VERY THIN. I GUESS SHE MIGHT HAVE BEEN UNDER STRESS WITH FOUR KIDS..?
IN ANY CASE SHE WAS IN THE HOSPITAL FOR ABOUT A WEEK OR SO. I FOUND OUT THAT HER HUSBAND DID NOT KNOW HOW TO COOK! I MADE THEM A MEAL OR TWO. I GUESS HE LEARNED AFTER THAT. I ALSO WENT TO THE HOSPITAL TO VISIT HER AND BRING HER SOME ROSES FROM OUR GARDEN. IT TOOK HER SEVERAL MONTHS TO RECOUPERATE WITH SOME SETBACKS AS USUAL. I VISITED HER AND CHATTED WITH HER AS I WAS MAKING A FOUNTAIN BUSINESS AS I RAISED MY SON. I'LL NEVER FORGET THIS EXPERIENCE. I HAD SOME OF HER FRIENDS OVER FOR A SMALL BRUNCH DURING HER RECOVERY PERIOD. COOKING MAKES ME HAPPY. AND I'M ALSO A PEOPLE PERSON. I REALIZED THAT RAISING A CHILD WITHOUT ANY RELATIVES NEARBY IS A LONELY EXPERIENCE. SO I JOINED A MOM'S GROUP IN SEVERAL LOCATIONS AND JOINED A CHURCH. WE ALL HAD SIMILAR ISSUES TO DISCUSS.
IN ANY CASE SHE WAS IN THE HOSPITAL FOR ABOUT A WEEK OR SO. I FOUND OUT THAT HER HUSBAND DID NOT KNOW HOW TO COOK! I MADE THEM A MEAL OR TWO. I GUESS HE LEARNED AFTER THAT. I ALSO WENT TO THE HOSPITAL TO VISIT HER AND BRING HER SOME ROSES FROM OUR GARDEN. IT TOOK HER SEVERAL MONTHS TO RECOUPERATE WITH SOME SETBACKS AS USUAL. I VISITED HER AND CHATTED WITH HER AS I WAS MAKING A FOUNTAIN BUSINESS AS I RAISED MY SON. I'LL NEVER FORGET THIS EXPERIENCE. I HAD SOME OF HER FRIENDS OVER FOR A SMALL BRUNCH DURING HER RECOVERY PERIOD. COOKING MAKES ME HAPPY. AND I'M ALSO A PEOPLE PERSON. I REALIZED THAT RAISING A CHILD WITHOUT ANY RELATIVES NEARBY IS A LONELY EXPERIENCE. SO I JOINED A MOM'S GROUP IN SEVERAL LOCATIONS AND JOINED A CHURCH. WE ALL HAD SIMILAR ISSUES TO DISCUSS.
SLAVEY INDIANS IN CANADA
THESE FOLK LIVE IN FORT NELSON IN THE NORTHEAST CORNER OF BRITISH COLUMBIA. THEY HAVE MANY DEPARTMENTS. THEY SPEAK DENI THA, AN ATHABASKAN LANGUAGE. ABOUT 2500 PEOPLE SPEAK THIS LANGUAGE. THEY LIVE IN A BOREAL FOREST OF THE SUBARCTIC. THEY HAVE MANY LAKES. THEY ARE CULTURALLY RELATED TO THE HARE, GUNRICHIN, IN DOGRIB. THE ARCHAEOLOGISTS SAY THEY HAVE BEEN HERE FOR AT LEAST 3000 B.C., OR 5000 YEARS. THEY USED TO FISH A LOT, HUNT SMALL GAME, MOOSE, CARIBOU, AND GATHER BERRIES. IN WINTER THEY CAMPED IN GROUPS OF 30 RELATED FOLKS. DURING SUMMER THEY ALL CAME TOGETHER BRIEFLY WITH 300 FOLKS.
BY 1789 MACKENZIE WAS THE FIRST EUROPEAN TO MEET THEM. AFTER 1821 HUDSON BAY COMPANY DEVELOPED FORT SIMPSON. THEY LIVED IN SMALL KIN BASED COMMUNITIES. THEY SPOKE THEIR OWN LANGUAGE, HARVESTED TRADITIONAL FOODS.
THEY NOW HAVE A WEBSITE WITH TRADITIONAL USE AREA AND A COMMUNITY OF ARTISTS. THE DENEARE KNOWN AS THE SLAVEY, THE NORTHERNMOST TRIBE IN ALBERTA. THE NAME SLAVEY WAS DEROGATORY BY THEIR ENEMIES THE CREE. THEY HAD SMALL BANDS WITH NO LEADERSHIP. THEY WERE A PEACEFUL PEOPLE AND HAD A REPUTATION OF BEING POWERFUL SORCERERS. THEY WORE DECORATIVE CLOTHING, WERE PEACEFUL, AND HAD FEW ENEMIES. THEY USED PORCUPINE QUILLS TO DECORATE CLOTHING. THE WOMEN ARE RENOWNED FOR THEIR BEAUTIFUL BEADWORK.
WAYBACKARCHIVEIT.ORG
BY 1789 MACKENZIE WAS THE FIRST EUROPEAN TO MEET THEM. AFTER 1821 HUDSON BAY COMPANY DEVELOPED FORT SIMPSON. THEY LIVED IN SMALL KIN BASED COMMUNITIES. THEY SPOKE THEIR OWN LANGUAGE, HARVESTED TRADITIONAL FOODS.
THEY NOW HAVE A WEBSITE WITH TRADITIONAL USE AREA AND A COMMUNITY OF ARTISTS. THE DENEARE KNOWN AS THE SLAVEY, THE NORTHERNMOST TRIBE IN ALBERTA. THE NAME SLAVEY WAS DEROGATORY BY THEIR ENEMIES THE CREE. THEY HAD SMALL BANDS WITH NO LEADERSHIP. THEY WERE A PEACEFUL PEOPLE AND HAD A REPUTATION OF BEING POWERFUL SORCERERS. THEY WORE DECORATIVE CLOTHING, WERE PEACEFUL, AND HAD FEW ENEMIES. THEY USED PORCUPINE QUILLS TO DECORATE CLOTHING. THE WOMEN ARE RENOWNED FOR THEIR BEAUTIFUL BEADWORK.
WAYBACKARCHIVEIT.ORG
SARCEE CULTURE AND LANGUAGE IN CANADA
THIS TRIBE IS A VIABLE TRIBE WITH TRAGEDIES AND STRUGGLES AND TRAGEDIES. THE SARCEE ARE AN ATHABASKAN OR DENE TRIBE AND MEANS "BOLDNESS OR HARDINESS. THEY CALL THEMSELVES "TSUUTINA" OR MANY PEOPLE. AFTER THE TREATY OF 1877 THE SARCEE MOVED TO THEIR PRESENT RESERVATION.
ACCORDING TO A LEGEND THEY SPLIT WITH THE NORTHERN TRIBES. PROBABLY THE BEAVER MOVED TO THE PLAINS WHEN THEY ARE IN CONTACT WITH THE BLACKFOOT, CREE, AND STONY TRIBES. THEY HAVE ATTAINED THEIR LANGUAGE. IN 1857 THEIR POPULATION WAS ABOUT 1400. IN THE 1830'S SMALLPOX, SCARLET FEVER AND OTHER DISEASES, AS WELL AS WAR REDUCED THEM TO TO 450. HOWEVER, THEY INCREASED TO 1990. EACH BAND CAMPED IN TIPIS AND HUNTED DURING THE WINTER. DURING THE SUMMER ALL BANDS MET TO HUNT BUFFALO, COLLECT BERRIES, AND HAVE FESTIVALS AND DANCES. THEY BELIEVED THEY HAD A SUPERNATURAL POWER ATTAINED THROUGH A DREAM, AND IT WAS ENSHRINED IN A MEDICINAL OBJECT OR TIPI PAINTING. THE QUEST FOR SUPERNATURAL POWER WAS HIGHLY VALUED.
NATIVE-LANGUAGES.ORG
ACCORDING TO A LEGEND THEY SPLIT WITH THE NORTHERN TRIBES. PROBABLY THE BEAVER MOVED TO THE PLAINS WHEN THEY ARE IN CONTACT WITH THE BLACKFOOT, CREE, AND STONY TRIBES. THEY HAVE ATTAINED THEIR LANGUAGE. IN 1857 THEIR POPULATION WAS ABOUT 1400. IN THE 1830'S SMALLPOX, SCARLET FEVER AND OTHER DISEASES, AS WELL AS WAR REDUCED THEM TO TO 450. HOWEVER, THEY INCREASED TO 1990. EACH BAND CAMPED IN TIPIS AND HUNTED DURING THE WINTER. DURING THE SUMMER ALL BANDS MET TO HUNT BUFFALO, COLLECT BERRIES, AND HAVE FESTIVALS AND DANCES. THEY BELIEVED THEY HAD A SUPERNATURAL POWER ATTAINED THROUGH A DREAM, AND IT WAS ENSHRINED IN A MEDICINAL OBJECT OR TIPI PAINTING. THE QUEST FOR SUPERNATURAL POWER WAS HIGHLY VALUED.
NATIVE-LANGUAGES.ORG
Tuesday, October 25, 2011
CREE INDIANS IN CANADA - PART 2
THE MOTHERS MADE CRADLEBOARDS SO THEY COULD HAVE FREEDOM WITH THEIR HANDS. MEN WERE HUNTERS AND FISHERS AND WENT TO WAR TO PROTECT THEIE CHILDREN . THE WOMEN CARED FOR THE FAMILY , BUILT THE HOUSES, GATHERED PLANTS AND MEDICINALS. BOTH DID STORYTELLING, ART, AND MUSIC, AND FESTIVALS. IN THE PAST THE CHIEF WAS ALWAYS A MAN. TODAY A WOMAN CAN ALSO BE ONE. THEY MADE CLOTHING FROM DEERSKIN WHEN COLD. MEN WORE BREECHCLOTHES WHEN WARM. THEY LATER WORE ANGLO CLOTHES WITH BEADWORK, EMBROIDERY, AND RIBBON FOR COSTUMES.
THEY WORE FUR AND LEATHER CAPS WITH FEATHERS. THE CHIEFS WORE LONG FEATHER HEADRESSES. BOTH SEXES WORE THEIR HAIR IN LONG BRAIDS AND PAINTED THEIR FACES FOR CEREMONIES AND WORE TRIBAL TATTOOS. THEY MADE MOCCASINS.
THEY BUILT BIRCHBARK CANOES THAT THEY WERE WELL KNOWN FOR. AFTER ANGLOS CAME THEY BUILT THEM WITH CANVAS. IT IS STILL POPULAR TODAY. THEY USE DOGS FOR PACK ANIMALS FOR SLEDS FOR WINTER TRAVEL. THEY ALSO MAKE AND WEAR SNOWSHOES.
THEIR FOOD WAS PRIMARILY CARIBOU WHO CAUGHT CARIBOU, ELK, MOOSE, AND SMALL GAME. THE PLAINS CREE HUNTED BUFFALO. THE EASTERN CREE FISHED AND HUNTED SEALS WITH CANOES.
WHEN HUNTING BUFFALO THEY USED CONTROLLED FIRES AND HERDED THEM OVER A CLIFF. THEY MADE A FLUTE-LIKE SOUND TO LEER HE MOOSE. THEIR ARTS AND CRAFTS ARE LIKE QUILLING CRAFTS, WOOD CARVING, AND COLORFUL BEADWORK. THEY MADE WAMPUM BEADS AS A CURRENCY BUT THEY WERE A KIND OF CURRENCY. THE DESIGNS TOLD A STORY ON THEIR BELTS. THEIR SPIRITUALITY WAS COMPLEX.
HERE IS A MYTH THAT IS CALLED "COYOTE CREATES THE EARTH". WHEN THERE WAS NO EARTH,ONLY WATER, COYOTE WAS FLOATING ON A SMALL RAFT WHEN HE MET DUCKS. THEY WERE THE ONLY OTHER CREATURES. HE SAID NO ONE ELSE WAS THERE EXCEPT HIS BRTHERS. YOU MUST GET US SOME EARTH TO MAKE THINGS RIGHT. COYOTE SAID TO RED MALLARD - DIVE BENEATH THE WATER TO BRING UP SOME EARTH. WE NEED IT FOR LIVING. HE DOVE DOWN AND REMAINED THERE WITHOUT BRINGING UP ANY EARTH, COYOTE ASKED THE PINTO DUCK TO DO THE SAME THING. HE DOVE UNDER THE WATER AND DID NOT BRING UP EARTH.
GREBE SPOKE UP AND AND SAID YOU SHOULD HAVE ASKED ME TO GO BEFORE YOU. HE TOOK HIS TURN DIVING. AFTER SOME TIME HE CAME UP WITH SOME LITTLE DIRT. COYOTE SAID "TO EVERY UNDERTAKING THERE ARE FOUR TRIAL. YOU HAVE ACHIEVED IT. THEN HE TOOK THE MUD AND SAID I WILL TAKE THIS INTO THE EARTH. YOU WILL LIVE ON THE STREAMS AND BUILD YOUR NESTS. I AM GOING TO BUILD THE EARTH. COYOTE TOOK THE MUD AND SAID PLENTY OF ROOM. AS HE TRAVELED ALONG THE SPREAD AND THE MUD HE MADE THE EARTH. HE TRAAVELED FOR A LONG TIME. WHEN HE FINISHED HE SAID,"NOW WE HAVE THE EARTH, THERE ARE SOME THINGS THAT WANT TO BE HERE". THEY HEARD WOLF HOWLING ..THERE HE IS. COYOTE POINTED TO THE SUN AND SAID LISTEN, THERE IS ANOTHER ONE OUT THERE NOW. "THAT COYOTE HAS ATTAINED LIFE BY HIS OWN POWERS", COYOTE SAID. THEN THEY WENT FOR A WALK ON THE PLAINS THEY SAW SOME SHINING OBJECTS. THEY SAW THEY WERE MEDICINE STONE.
NATIVE-LANGUAGES.ORG
THEY WORE FUR AND LEATHER CAPS WITH FEATHERS. THE CHIEFS WORE LONG FEATHER HEADRESSES. BOTH SEXES WORE THEIR HAIR IN LONG BRAIDS AND PAINTED THEIR FACES FOR CEREMONIES AND WORE TRIBAL TATTOOS. THEY MADE MOCCASINS.
THEY BUILT BIRCHBARK CANOES THAT THEY WERE WELL KNOWN FOR. AFTER ANGLOS CAME THEY BUILT THEM WITH CANVAS. IT IS STILL POPULAR TODAY. THEY USE DOGS FOR PACK ANIMALS FOR SLEDS FOR WINTER TRAVEL. THEY ALSO MAKE AND WEAR SNOWSHOES.
THEIR FOOD WAS PRIMARILY CARIBOU WHO CAUGHT CARIBOU, ELK, MOOSE, AND SMALL GAME. THE PLAINS CREE HUNTED BUFFALO. THE EASTERN CREE FISHED AND HUNTED SEALS WITH CANOES.
WHEN HUNTING BUFFALO THEY USED CONTROLLED FIRES AND HERDED THEM OVER A CLIFF. THEY MADE A FLUTE-LIKE SOUND TO LEER HE MOOSE. THEIR ARTS AND CRAFTS ARE LIKE QUILLING CRAFTS, WOOD CARVING, AND COLORFUL BEADWORK. THEY MADE WAMPUM BEADS AS A CURRENCY BUT THEY WERE A KIND OF CURRENCY. THE DESIGNS TOLD A STORY ON THEIR BELTS. THEIR SPIRITUALITY WAS COMPLEX.
HERE IS A MYTH THAT IS CALLED "COYOTE CREATES THE EARTH". WHEN THERE WAS NO EARTH,ONLY WATER, COYOTE WAS FLOATING ON A SMALL RAFT WHEN HE MET DUCKS. THEY WERE THE ONLY OTHER CREATURES. HE SAID NO ONE ELSE WAS THERE EXCEPT HIS BRTHERS. YOU MUST GET US SOME EARTH TO MAKE THINGS RIGHT. COYOTE SAID TO RED MALLARD - DIVE BENEATH THE WATER TO BRING UP SOME EARTH. WE NEED IT FOR LIVING. HE DOVE DOWN AND REMAINED THERE WITHOUT BRINGING UP ANY EARTH, COYOTE ASKED THE PINTO DUCK TO DO THE SAME THING. HE DOVE UNDER THE WATER AND DID NOT BRING UP EARTH.
GREBE SPOKE UP AND AND SAID YOU SHOULD HAVE ASKED ME TO GO BEFORE YOU. HE TOOK HIS TURN DIVING. AFTER SOME TIME HE CAME UP WITH SOME LITTLE DIRT. COYOTE SAID "TO EVERY UNDERTAKING THERE ARE FOUR TRIAL. YOU HAVE ACHIEVED IT. THEN HE TOOK THE MUD AND SAID I WILL TAKE THIS INTO THE EARTH. YOU WILL LIVE ON THE STREAMS AND BUILD YOUR NESTS. I AM GOING TO BUILD THE EARTH. COYOTE TOOK THE MUD AND SAID PLENTY OF ROOM. AS HE TRAVELED ALONG THE SPREAD AND THE MUD HE MADE THE EARTH. HE TRAAVELED FOR A LONG TIME. WHEN HE FINISHED HE SAID,"NOW WE HAVE THE EARTH, THERE ARE SOME THINGS THAT WANT TO BE HERE". THEY HEARD WOLF HOWLING ..THERE HE IS. COYOTE POINTED TO THE SUN AND SAID LISTEN, THERE IS ANOTHER ONE OUT THERE NOW. "THAT COYOTE HAS ATTAINED LIFE BY HIS OWN POWERS", COYOTE SAID. THEN THEY WENT FOR A WALK ON THE PLAINS THEY SAW SOME SHINING OBJECTS. THEY SAW THEY WERE MEDICINE STONE.
NATIVE-LANGUAGES.ORG
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